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Microsoft has issued its July 2025 Patch Tuesday updates, a crucial monthly release that addresses a significant number of vulnerabilities across its product lines. This release tackles a total of 130 CVEs, with 10 of them classified as critical. Notably, while no vulnerabilities were reported as actively exploited in the wild at the time of the release, one flaw in Microsoft SQL Server (CVE-2025-49719) has been publicly disclosed. This information disclosure vulnerability, rated as important with a CVSS score of 7.5, means that technical details are available, potentially increasing the risk of future exploitation. Organizations should prioritize patching this vulnerability, particularly as it affects SQL Server versions 2016 through 2022 and does not require authentication to exploit, potentially exposing sensitive data like credentials.
Among the critical vulnerabilities addressed, a particularly concerning one is a remote code execution (RCE) flaw in Windows SPNEGO Extended Negotiation (NEGOEX), designated CVE-2025-47981. This vulnerability carries a high CVSS score of 9.8 and is described as a heap-based buffer overflow, allowing an unauthenticated attacker to execute code remotely on a target system with low attack complexity and no user interaction. The nature of this flaw makes it a prime target for attackers seeking initial access or lateral movement within networks. Microsoft has also highlighted critical RCE vulnerabilities in Microsoft Office, with several rated as "more likely" to be exploited, including some that can be triggered via the preview pane without requiring a user to open a document, posing a significant risk to users' security. The July Patch Tuesday also includes fixes for vulnerabilities in Microsoft SharePoint, with an RCE flaw that requires authenticated access but could allow an attacker to execute code on the server. Additionally, vulnerabilities impacting Windows Hyper-V and other system components have been addressed. With a total of 130 CVEs patched, including numerous critical flaws, it is imperative for all organizations to review and apply these updates promptly to protect their systems and data from potential exploitation. The proactive patching of these vulnerabilities is essential for maintaining a strong security posture against the ever-evolving threat landscape.
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