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Marks & Spencer (M&S), the prominent retail giant, was recently hit by a significant ransomware attack over the Easter period. The cyberattack, orchestrated by the DragonForce hacker group, disrupted crucial business functions, including online ordering and staff clocking systems. The attackers employed "double extortion" tactics, indicating that they stole sensitive data before encrypting the company's servers. This aggressive move puts M&S at risk of both data loss and public exposure.
An exclusive report reveals that the CEO of M&S received an offensive extortion email detailing the timeline and nature of the attack. The email, reportedly filled with abusive language, claimed that DragonForce had "mercilessly raped" the company and encrypted its servers. In response to the attack, M&S took drastic measures by switching off the VPN used by staff for remote work, which successfully contained the spread of the ransomware, but further disrupted business operations. The financial impact of this cyber incident has been substantial, with reports indicating losses of approximately £40 million per week in sales. DragonForce, the ransomware group behind the attack, has reportedly compromised over 120 victims in the past year, establishing itself as a major player in the cybercrime landscape. The group has evolved from a Ransomware-as-a-Service (RaaS) model to a fully-fledged ransomware cartel, targeting organizations across various sectors, including manufacturing, healthcare, and retail. While the origins of DragonForce are speculative, technical indicators suggest a Russian alignment, including the use of Russian-linked infrastructure and recruitment efforts through Russian-speaking cybercrime forums. M&S has pointed to "human error" as the cause of the breach, with scrutiny falling on an employee of Tata Consultancy Services (TCS), which provides IT services to the retailer, although M&S has officially disputed claims that it didn't have proper plans to handle a ransomware incident.
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DragonForce ransomware group has been actively exploiting vulnerabilities in SimpleHelp, a remote monitoring and management (RMM) software, to target managed service providers (MSPs) and their customers. This attack serves as a stark reminder of the supply chain risks inherent in relying on third-party software, particularly RMM tools which, if compromised, can grant attackers widespread access to numerous client systems. Sophos researchers uncovered that the DragonForce operator chained three specific SimpleHelp flaws, identified as CVE-2024-57727, CVE-2024-57728, and CVE-2024-57726, to breach an MSP. This breach resulted in data theft and the subsequent deployment of ransomware across the MSP's customer endpoints, causing significant disruption and potential financial losses.
The vulnerabilities exploited by DragonForce allowed the attackers to perform several malicious actions. CVE-2024-57727 enabled unauthorized remote attackers to download arbitrary files, including server configuration files containing sensitive secrets and hashed user passwords. CVE-2024-57728 permitted admin users to upload arbitrary files, leading to potential arbitrary code execution on the host. Furthermore, CVE-2024-57726 allowed low-privilege technicians to create API keys with excessive permissions, potentially enabling them to escalate privileges to the server administrator role. All of these vulnerabilities were present in SimpleHelp's remote support software version 5.5.7 and earlier, highlighting the critical importance of promptly applying security patches. The DragonForce attack on the MSP via SimpleHelp illustrates a growing trend of cybercriminals targeting RMM and other remote tools to facilitate software supply chain attacks. By compromising a single MSP, attackers can gain access to a large number of downstream customers, amplifying the impact of their attacks. Security experts warn that MSPs must prioritize the security of their RMM software, including implementing robust patch management processes and closely monitoring for suspicious activity. This incident underscores the need for a proactive and vigilant approach to cybersecurity to mitigate the risk of ransomware and other threats exploiting channel vulnerabilities.
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