FlagThis - #patch

CISA has added two new vulnerabilities, CVE-2024-38475 and CVE-2023-44221, to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog. These vulnerabilities affect Apache HTTP Server and SonicWall SMA100 series appliances, posing significant risks to organizations that utilize these technologies. The agency is urging organizations to take immediate action to mitigate potential exploits. The addition to the KEV catalog highlights the active exploitation of these flaws in the wild, increasing the urgency for patching and remediation.

The vulnerabilities impacting SonicWall SMA 100 devices are particularly concerning due to the potential for complete system takeover and session hijacking. Cybersecurity researchers at watchTowr have discovered that malicious actors are actively combining these vulnerabilities. CVE-2024-38475, an Apache HTTP pre-authentication arbitrary file read vulnerability discovered by Orange Tsai, allows unauthorized file reading. CVE-2023-44221, a post-authentication command injection flaw discovered by Wenjie Zhong (H4lo) of DBappSecurity Co., Ltd, enables attackers to execute arbitrary commands on affected systems.

The combination of these two vulnerabilities allows attackers to extract sensitive information, such as administrator session tokens, effectively bypassing login credentials. Once this initial foothold is established, the command injection vulnerability can be exploited to execute arbitrary commands, potentially leading to session hijacking and full system compromise. The vulnerabilities affect SMA 100 series appliances, including models SMA 200, SMA 210, SMA 400, SMA 410, and SMA 500v. watchTowr has warned of active exploitation of these vulnerabilities, urging organizations to apply available patches to secure their systems.


References :

• watchTowr Labs: SonicBoom, From Stolen Tokens to Remote Shells - SonicWall SMA (CVE-2023-44221, CVE-2024-38475)
• thecyberexpress.com: CISA Adds Two New Exploited Vulnerabilities to Its Catalog: CVE-2024-38475 and CVE-2023-44221
• thecyberexpress.com: CISA Adds Two New Exploited Vulnerabilities to Its Catalog: CVE-2024-38475 and CVE-2023-44221
• securityaffairs.com: U.S. CISA adds SonicWall SMA100 and Apache HTTP Server flaws to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog

Classification:

• HashTags: #cve #vulnerability #patch
• Company: Apache, SonicWall
• Target: Systems using Apache HTTP Server, SonicWall SMA100
• Product: Apache HTTP Server, SonicWall SMA100
• Feature: OS Command Injection
• Type: Vulnerability
• Severity: Critical

Microsoft has issued a critical security update as part of its April 2025 Patch Tuesday to address a zero-day vulnerability (CVE-2025-29824) in the Windows Common Log File System (CLFS). The vulnerability, classified as an elevation of privilege flaw, is being actively exploited by the RansomEXX ransomware gang to gain SYSTEM privileges on compromised systems. According to Microsoft, the attacks have targeted a limited number of organizations across various sectors and countries, including the IT and real estate sectors in the United States, the financial sector in Venezuela, a software company in Spain, and the retail sector in Saudi Arabia.

Microsoft Threat Intelligence Center (MSTIC) has attributed the exploitation activity to a group tracked as Storm-2460, which deployed the PipeMagic malware to facilitate the attacks. Successful exploitation of CVE-2025-29824 allows an attacker with a standard user account to escalate privileges, enabling them to install malware, modify system files, disable security features, access sensitive data, and maintain persistent access. This can result in full system compromise and lateral movement across networks, leading to the widespread deployment and detonation of ransomware within the affected environment.

The zero-day vulnerability is located in the CLFS kernel driver and is due to a use-after-free weakness. Microsoft recommends that organizations prioritize applying security updates for elevation of privilege vulnerabilities to add a layer of defense against ransomware attacks. While Microsoft has issued security updates for impacted Windows versions, patches for Windows 10 x64 and 32-bit systems are pending release. In addition to fixing the zero-day flaw, Microsoft's April 2025 Patch Tuesday includes fixes for 134 other vulnerabilities, with 11 of them classified as critical remote code execution vulnerabilities.


References :

• isc.sans.edu: This month, Microsoft has released patches addressing a total of 125 vulnerabilities.
• The DefendOps Diaries: Microsoft's April 2025 Patch Tuesday addresses 134 vulnerabilities, including a critical zero-day, highlighting the need for robust security.
• Cyber Security News: Microsoft’s April 2025 Patch Tuesday update has arrived, delivering critical fixes for 121 security vulnerabilities across its broad suite of software products.
• BleepingComputer: Today is Microsoft's April 2025 Patch Tuesday, which includes security updates for 134 flaws, including one actively exploited zero-day vulnerability.
• Tenable Blog: Microsoft’s April 2025 Patch Tuesday Addresses 121 CVEs (CVE-2025-29824)
• Cisco Talos Blog: Microsoft Patch Tuesday for April 2025 — Snort rules and prominent vulnerabilities
• CyberInsider: Microsoft Fixes Actively Exploited CLFS Zero-Day Used in Ransomware Attacks
• bsky.app: Microsoft says the RansomEXX ransomware gang has been exploiting a high-severity zero-day flaw (CVE-2025-29824) in the Windows Common Log File System to gain SYSTEM privileges on victims' systems.
• The DefendOps Diaries: Understanding the Impact of CVE-2025-29824: A Critical Windows Vulnerability
• Threats | CyberScoop: Microsoft patches zero-day actively exploited in string of ransomware attacks
• thecyberexpress.com: TheCyberExpress article on Microsoft Patch Tuesday April 2025.
• cyberinsider.com: Microsoft Fixes Actively Exploited CLFS Zero-Day Used in Ransomware Attacks
• www.microsoft.com: Microsoft Security Blog on CLFS zero-day exploitation.
• BleepingComputer: Microsoft says the RansomEXX ransomware gang has been exploiting a high-severity zero-day flaw (CVE-2025-29824) in the Windows Common Log File System to gain SYSTEM privileges on victims' systems.
• bsky.app: Sky News post on Microsoft April 2025 Patch Tuesday.
• Cyber Security News: CybersecurityNews article on Windows CLFS Zero-Day Vulnerability Actively Exploited by Ransomware Group
• Microsoft Security Blog: Microsoft Threat Intelligence Center (MSTIC) and Microsoft Security Response Center (MSRC) have discovered post-compromise exploitation of a newly discovered zero-day vulnerability in the Windows Common Log File System (CLFS) against a small number of targets.
• Malwarebytes: Microsoft releases April 2025 Patch Tuesday updates, including fixes for 121 vulnerabilities, one of which is an actively exploited zero-day in the Windows Common Log File System (CLFS) driver.
• isc.sans.edu: Microsoft today released updates to plug at least 121 security holes in its Windows operating systems and software, including one vulnerability that is already being exploited in the wild.
• Blog RSS Feed: Report on the April 2025 Patch Tuesday analysis, including CVE-2025-29824.
• krebsonsecurity.com: Microsoft today released updates to plug at least 121 security holes in its Windows operating systems and software, including one vulnerability that is already being exploited in the wild.
• securityonline.info: SecurityOnline discusses Windows CLFS Zero-Day Exploited to Deploy Ransomware
• securityonline.info: Windows CLFS Zero-Day Exploited to Deploy Ransomware
• securityaffairs.com: U.S. CISA adds Gladinet CentreStack and ZTA Microsoft Windows Common Log File System (CLFS) Driver flaws to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog
• www.cybersecuritydive.com: Windows CLFS zero-day exploited in ransomware attacks
• Security | TechRepublic: Microsoft: Windows CLFS Vulnerability Could Lead to ‘Widespread Deployment and Detonation of Ransomware’
• The Register - Software: Bad luck, Windows 10 users. No fix yet for ransomware-exploited bug
• The Hacker News: Microsoft released security fixes to address a massive set of 126 flaws affecting its software products, including one vulnerability that it said has been actively exploited in the wild.
• www.microsoft.com: Read how cyberattackers exploit domain controllers to gain privileged system access where they deploy ransomware that causes widespread damage and operational disruption.
• The Hacker News: PipeMagic Trojan Exploits Windows Zero-Day Vulnerability to Deploy Ransomware
• securityonline.info: Recently, the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) added two significant vulnerabilities to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, highlighting the urgency for users to apply necessary patches.
• Arctic Wolf: On April 8, 2025, Microsoft released its April 2025 security update, addressing 126 newly disclosed vulnerabilities.
• arcticwolf.com: On April 8, 2025, Microsoft released its April 2025 security update, addressing 126 newly disclosed vulnerabilities. Arctic Wolf has highlighted five vulnerabilities affecting Microsoft Windows in this security bulletin, including one exploited vulnerability and four vulnerabilities that Microsoft has labeled as Critical.Â
• Know Your Adversary: Hello everyone! I think you already heard about a zero-day vulnerability in the Common Log File System (CLFS) weaponized by RansomEXX affiliates. I'm talking about  CVE 2025-29824 .
• Sophos News: One actively exploited issue patched; five Critical-severity Office vulns exploitable via Preview Pane
• Security | TechRepublic: One CVE was used against “a small number of targets.†Windows 10 users needed to wait a little bit for their patches.
• www.threatdown.com: April’s Patch Tuesday fixes a whopping 126 Microsoft vulnerabilities.
• Logpoint: The Microsoft Security blog highlights the active exploitation of CVE-2025-24983, a zero-day vulnerability in the Windows Common Log File System (CLFS) that allows local privilege escalation to SYSTEM-level access.
• Arctic Wolf: Microsoft Patch Tuesday: April 2025
• www.logpoint.com: The Microsoft Security blog highlights the active exploitation of CVE-2025-24983, a zero-day vulnerability in the Windows Common Log File System (CLFS) that allows local privilege escalation to SYSTEM-level access.
• arcticwolf.com: Microsoft Patch Tuesday: April 2025
• ciso2ciso.com: Microsoft: Windows CLFS Vulnerability Could Lead to ‘Widespread Deployment and Detonation of Ransomware’
• Security Risk Advisors: New CLFS Zero-Day (CVE-2025-29824) Enables Rapid Privilege Escalation, Leading to Ransomware Deployment
• cyberscoop.com: Microsoft patches zero-day actively exploited in string of ransomware attacks
• www.tenable.com: Tenable's analysis of the CLFS vulnerability and its exploitation by Storm-2460.
• Help Net Security: Article on Week in review: Microsoft patches exploited Windows CLFS 0-day, WinRAR MotW bypass flaw fixed

Classification:

• HashTags: #PatchTuesday #RansomEXX #ZeroDay
• Company: Microsoft
• Target: Windows
• Attacker: RansomEXX
• Product: Windows CLFS
• Feature: Elevation of Privilege
• Malware: RansomEXX
• Type: 0Day
• Severity: Major