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Cybersecurity researchers have confirmed that the Samsung MagicINFO 9 Server is under active exploitation, with hackers leveraging a remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability, CVE-2024-7399, to deploy the Mirai botnet. This vulnerability, a path traversal flaw, allows attackers to write arbitrary files as system authority, ultimately leading to remote code execution. The unauthenticated nature of the flaw exacerbates the risk, allowing threat actors to exploit systems without requiring any user credentials. The attacks target the file upload functionality in the MagicINFO 9 Server, intended for updating display content, but is being abused to upload malicious code and execute a shell script responsible for downloading the botnet.
The exploitation of CVE-2024-7399 began shortly after a proof-of-concept (PoC) exploit was made public. Arctic Wolf researchers have observed this exploitation in the wild, noting that the vulnerability allows for arbitrary file writing by unauthenticated users. This improper sanitation of filename input, without validating the file extension or checking for authentication, allows threat actors to upload JSP files and execute arbitrary code with system authority on vulnerable servers. While Samsung released a patch for this vulnerability in August 2024, many systems remain unpatched, leaving them vulnerable to these attacks. The exploitation of the Samsung MagicINFO flaw is not an isolated incident; threat actors are also targeting GeoVision end-of-life (EoL) Internet of Things (IoT) devices to incorporate them into the Mirai botnet for conducting distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks. Given the low barrier to exploitation, the availability of a public PoC, and the potential for widespread impact, organizations are strongly advised to update their Samsung MagicINFO Server instances to version 21.1050 and later, and implement the patch for CVE-2024-7399 immediately to mitigate potential operational impact.
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GreyNoise has observed a significant surge, approximately three times the typical level, in exploitation attempts targeting TVT NVMS9000 DVRs. The peak of this activity occurred on April 3, 2025, with over 2,500 unique IP addresses involved in scanning for vulnerable devices. This vulnerability is an information disclosure flaw that allows attackers to gain administrative control over affected systems, essentially bypassing authentication and executing commands without restriction. Countless prior reports have identified the TVT NVMS9000 DVR as a target for botnet recruitment, including a GreyNoise update in early March 2025.
The exploitation activity is strongly suspected to be associated with the Mirai botnet, a notorious threat known for targeting vulnerabilities in IoT devices. GreyNoise has identified sufficient overlap with Mirai to support this attribution. Manufactured by TVT Digital Technology Co., Ltd., based in Shenzhen, the NVMS9000 DVRs are used in security and surveillance systems for recording, storing, and managing video footage from security cameras. The company reports serving customers in over 120 countries. The majority of the malicious IP addresses involved in the exploitation attempts originate from the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region, specifically Taiwan, Japan, and South Korea. However, the top target countries are the United States, United Kingdom, and Germany. Organizations using the NVMS9000 DVR or similar systems are advised to take immediate action to secure their devices. Recommended mitigations include blocking known malicious IP addresses, applying all available patches, restricting public internet access to DVR interfaces, and closely monitoring network traffic for signs of unusual scanning or exploitation attempts.
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