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Threat Actor Profile

Equation

G0020
⚠ Critical Threat
Equation Group is a highly sophisticated state-sponsored threat actor, widely attributed to the United States intelligence community (specifically the NSA). They are characterized by their ability to deploy complex, modular malware and achieve deep persistence through firmware-level and hardware-level manipulation.
Origin United States
Sponsor United States Government (NSA/TAO)
Motivation Strategic cyber espionage and long-term geopolitical intelligence collection

Target Sectors

Governmental Agencies Defense Industrial Base Telecommunications Providers Critical Infrastructure Diplomatic Entities High-value Research Institutions

Known TTPs

Zero-day vulnerability exploitation
Firmware and BIOS/UEFI implants
Modular malware frameworks (e.g., GrayFish)
Hard drive controller/component manipulation
Advanced evasion of EDR/XDR solutions
Network-level interception and traffic redirection

External Resources

CISA Advisories ↗

Related Intelligence

Hacking the mainframe…

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